Improved apparatus for making paper-pulp



UNITED STATES PATENTOFFI'GE.

\ .HENRY MARX AND FRITZ .MARX, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

IMPRovi-:D-APVPARATUS FOR MAK|NG PAPER-PULP.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 59,042, dated October23, 1866.

To all whom it may concern:

' Be it known that we, HENRY MARX and FRITZ MARX, of the city and countyof Baltimore and State of Maryland, have made a new and usefulImprovement in Machines for Making Paper-Pulp from Wood; and we dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the nature, construction, and voperation of the same, sufficient toenable one skilled in the art to which our invention is allied toconstruct and use the same, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawin gs, which are made partot' this specication, and in which- Platel is a side elevation. Plate 2 is a vertical longitudinal sectionthrough A B, Plate 4. Plate 3 is an end elevation. Plate 4 is a plan ortop view. Plate 5 is a plan or top view of the sieves. Plate 6 has sideand end elevations of the sieves.

In this machine blocks of wood are exposed to the grinding` action of astone with a surface marked with channels, grooves, or indentations, thewood being disposed with its grain parallel to the axis of the stone,while a stream of clear water is pou-red upon it. The wood is containedwithin boxes around the periphery of the stone, and is fed thereto byfollowers, which are subjected to an even pressure7 not derived from themotor or consequent upon the rate of motion of the stone, bul capable ofgraduation, and recognizing the differences of density and tenacity ofdifferent woodsl or of different portions of the same block. The pulpVis received upon and sorted by shaking inclined sieves, which deliverthe different qualities at different levels from the same vertical tier,to be conducted to different receptacles.

In the drawings, A is the frame of the machine, in which the grindstoneB revolves in a vertical plane upon the shaft b. The boxes D D are openat their ends toward the stone,

and form receptacles for the wood, which is exposed to the action of therevolving` stone as it is fed thereto by the followers or pistons X X,which are operated by the rack E, gearing F G, and wheel H, the latterheilig attached to a band, I, Plate I, which passes over a pulley, J,communicating with a weight, K, which acts as a power to revolve thewheel H, and thus move the follower in its box and thrust the blockagainst the stone. The pawl a and the ratchet-wheel c prevent the returnof the follower, while the weight exerts a constant and even pressure,which may be increasedor diminished according to the character, variety,or condition or quantity of the wood under treatment, or the sharpness,con-v dition, or quality of the stones.

The stones may be of such dimensions as is safe and convenient. `We haveused them about thirty-four inches in diameter. rIhe width of facedetermines the length of the blocks to be operated on.

When the block of wood is nearly worn out, and it becomes necessary tosupply a fresh block, the pawl a is lifted from its engagement with theratchet-*wheel and the band turned back by hand, which withdraws thefollower and permits the deposition of another block in the box D.

The boxes D D are substantially similar, excepting in thefeed-apertures. The upper box is fed through the opening guarded by thedoor L on the top, while the interior of the lower box is reachedthrough the door N in the side, Plate l.

The pipe P furnishes water to the various parts of the machine, it beingused profusely during the operation of grinding and conveying the pulpto the vats, being afterward removed by filtration or decanting, so thatthe pulp may be conveniently handled and placed in the press, where themajor part of the water is removed by mechanical pressure.

. The water is turned on in the required quantity at the various pointsby the stop-cocks, suitably placed.

White pine, poplar, or other white, soft wood is preferred, and theresulting pulp, which runs from the grinder in a milky mass, is suitablefor making into paper either alone or in combination with rag-pulp, themode of presentation of the blocks preserving the continuity of thefiber more thoroughly than if it were presented in other position.

The ground mass runs with the water into the, channel G, from whence itis delivered onto the upper sieve-surface, S, which is made of more openmeshes than the succeeding sieve, and arrests chips or fibers notsuitable for pulp, which are ejected by the channel C yC out of themachine. The pulpitinds its way lonto the second sieve surface, S',where the finer particles run through and are discharged at the channelsO O O, while the coarser portion reaches the board R and is dischargedinto the trough M for conveyance to the vats, as formerly described.

The shoe, which contains the sieves S S and the discharging-boards C Cand R, is supported upon pivoted legs or links T T, and receives alongitudinal shaking motion from an eccentric or crank on the shaft U,which is driven by a band on the drum Y, or in any other suitablemanner, being attached by a connecting-rod, V, to the bar W of the shoe.

It is advisable, to facilitate the motion of the pulp, to give aninclination as well as a longitudinal shaking motion to the shoecontaining the sieves, and this facilitates the passage of water throughthe meshes, as well as expediting the downward motion of the pulp towardits place of discharge, for conveyance to the vats, which are furnishedwith upright cleats on their inner surface, and a lining of fabric,which permits the water to percolate through and the mass to graduallyassume sufcient consisteneefor handling and pressing.

Having described our invention, what we elairn therein as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The arrangement of the millstone B, the boxes D, followers X, andfeed-facing, opel ated by rack and pinion, band-wheel, and weight,substantially as described.

2. The arrangement of the longitudinallyshaking shoe, provided withinclined sieves in vertical series, with `separate'points of discharge,substantially as described.

3. The corrugated or rough-surfaced grindsteile, in the relation andcapacity described.

" HENRY MARX FRITZ MARX. Witnesses:

E. D. M. FAEHTZ, Gunn. WoLFE.

